CERTIFICATE IN X-RAY TECHNOLOGY
FIRST YEAR - PAPER-1 ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
1 MARKS
I Fill in the blanks:
1. _______ is the longest and heaviest bone in the body
2. The covering of heart is called______
3. The type of shoulder joint is called________
4. Total number of bones in the human body is_______
5. The length of oesophagus is________
6. ________is the largest segment in the human body
7. The number of skull bone is_______
8. _______is the lateral bone in the leg
9. The study of bone is called_______
10. The temporary teeth are called_______
11. Movable bone of skull is _______
12. There are_________number of vertebra in our body
13. The largest gland is the body_______
14. ________is the largest blood vessel in our body
15. The normal weight of heart is ________
16. The study of joints is called_______
17. Maxilla is a_______ type of bone
18. The outer covering of bone is called_______
19. The shortage of O2 in the body is called_________
20. The study of bones is called_______
2 MARKS
I. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS;
1. Joint
2. Anatomy
3. Anatomical position
4. Fertilization
5. Anabolism
6. Curves of the vertebral column
7. Gall bladder
8. Arteries of the upper limb
9. The femur
10. Facial bones
11. C N S
12. W B C
13. Tissues
14. Orthology
15. Elbow joint
16. Blood
17. Spinal cord
18. Function of the heart
19. Urirary B ladder
20. Function of the heart
5 MARKS
II. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
1. Functions of the muscles
2. Skeleton of the lower limb
3. Ribs
4. Pelvic girdle
5. Blood
6. Vertebral column
7. Lungs
8. Skeletal system
9. Describe scapula
10. Sacrum
11. Working of heart
12.Femur
13.Cervical vertebras
14. Anatomical feature of typical vertebrae
15. Structure of eye
16. Urinary system
15 MARKS
III. ESSAY
1. The digestive system
2. Describe the skull bone with the help of neat diagram
3. Explain urinary system with the help of neat diagram
4. Describe the respiratory system with diagram
5. Write the different parts of brain with their function
6. Describe the cross section of the heart?
7. Classification of bones structure of the bone?
8. The circulation of the blood?
9. Write briefly about the epithelial tissue?
10. Write the structure of the he
PAPER-2 ELECTRICITY PHYSICS
1 MARKS
I. Fill in the blanks:
1. Voltage of safe bulb________walls
2. Filament current is known as________
3. Maximum kilovoltage used in diagnostic________
4. The unit of electricity power is_______
5. The unit of resistance is________
6. The measurement of diagnostic room is________
7. The dynamo converts mechanical energy to__________energy
8. One horse power is_______Walt
9.________is used for measure the radiation exposure
10. X-ray levels at the same speed of________
11. Neutrons posses_______charge
12. The material used as the filament in x-ray table________
13. Electrolysis is a________effect of electricity
14.________is the cathode ends of the x-ray table
15. The resistance of a insulator is________
16. Filamant current is known as_________
17. A magnet attracts and holds_______is does not attract copper
18. The word “Magnetism” has been derived from_______
19.________is given by Lenz’s law
20. Dynamo is based on the principle of _________induction
2 MARKS
II. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING:
1. Ohm’s law
2. Electron wolf
3. Photo timer
4. Insulator
5. Conductors
6. Fluoroscopy
7. What is power
8. Trans former
9. Capacitor
10. Amphere
11. Film badge
12. What is force
13. MRI
14. Force
15. Lenz’s law
16. Ionization
17. Function of fixer
18. What is current
19. Amphere
20. Define capacitor
5 MARKS
III. WRITE PARAGRAPH:
1. Timers in x-ray machine
2. Advantages of rotating anode over stationary anode
3. Properties of x-ray
4. Working and principles of dynamo
5. Electro magnetic induction
6. Joule’s law and Lenz’s law
7. Faraday’s law of electro magnetic induction
8. Grids describe in detail
9. Energy
10. Thermionic emission
11. Conductors and insulators
12. Describe Coolidge tube
13. State and explain Fleming’s right hand rule
14. State the heating effect of current joule’s law
15. Explain faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction
16. Photo electric effect
15 MARKS
IV. ESSAY:
1. Describe about x-ray tube and its working with the help of diagram?
2. Write brief account about magnetism?
3. Describe atom?
4. Draw a diagram of stationary anode x-ray illustrates and explain different parts?
5. Give the working principle of AC and DC dynamo or generator?
6. Explain magnetic flux, ammeter and voltmeter?
7. Explain about conductors and insulators?
8. State the types of magnetic materials and explain them in detail?
9. State and explain faradays laws of electrolysis?
10. Give the Lenz’s law and explain it with Fleming’s right hand rule?
PAPER- 3 RADIOLOGY PHYSICS
1 MARKS
FILL IN THE BLANKS:
1. X-rays travel in ________line
2. X-ray discovered by_______in the year 1895
3. A magnet has always_______poles
4. The unit of resistance is________
5. Velocity of x-rays is _________
6. The target inclination is________
7.________is the length of two successive points
8. Dental x-ray machines use ________type of anode
9._______beam is known as central ray
10. The head of the x-ray film is________
11. The unit of exposure is_________
12.1 R A D =_________
13. The unit of dose equivalent is________
14. R B E =________
15. H =________
16. The harmful effects of radiation may be classified as________
17. A film badge is used to measure________
18. The BARC supplest the film for a period of_________
19. The film badge has some disadvantages such as________
20. Resolution is usually measured in lore’s pain________
2 MARKS
II WRITE A FOLLOWING
1. Roentgen
2. Absorbed dose
3. REM
4. Radiation protection
5. Radiation units
6. Explain about deterministic effects
7. What is equalent dose
8. What do you mean heal effect
9. What are the limitations of roentgen
10. How will you protect your self by radiation protection
11. What is the unit of radiation
12. Explain K (mass) (KVP) 2
____________
d2
K =
Mass =
Kup =
d =
13. What are the types of x-rays
14. Different type of energy
15. Adhesion
16. Radio waves
17. Film badge
18. Film structure
19. Ruther ford experiment of scattering of a particles
20. Thermionic emission
5 MARKS
1. Explain the five type of lumineense?
2. Give a brief description about personel monitoring systems?
3. What are the guidelines for using film badges?
4. Give the maximum permissible dose (table 3)?
5. What are the sources of radiation?
6. What are the plans of a radiation instantiation?
7. Give the table of radiation sources and levels?
8. What do you mean by medical diagnostic and therepeutic radiation?
9. Stationary anode x-ray tube?
10. Tangsten target material?
11. Rotating anode?
12. Intensifying screens?
13. Uses of x-ray?
14. What are all the radiation units-explain?
15. Biological effects?
15 MARKS
ESSAY
1. Write about medical radiation dose and exposure?
2. Write about film baronage and its guidelines?
3. Descript pocket dosimeter, image quality, contrast, noise, sharphessand resolutions?
4. What are the effects of radiation explain in detail?
5. Describe the x-ray tube with diagram?
6. Write about magnet and properties of magnet?
7. What are the plans of radiation installation?
8. Define luminescence, fluoresence and phosphorescence?
PAPER-4
POSITIONING IN RADIOGRAPHY
1 MARKS
I. Fill in the blanks;
1. Lying on the side is called_______position?
2. Potter –Becky is associated________?
3._________medicine is used for H.S.G.?
4._________is the radiographic study of cardio vascular system of the body?
5._________is the centering line of Para nasal sinus?
6. The commonly used FFD is _________?
7. Lyingon back is called _________position?
8. The main fixing agent is_________?
9. To move the part towards the body called________?
10. The basic view for shoulder________?
11. Film size of dorsal spine is________?
12. Exposure settings (i.e.) grid is used in case of shoulder say yes or no_____?
13. Film size of mastoid –schuller position or lateral oblique view is______?
14. Central ray is directed vertically to the elbow joint and film centre in case of_____?
15. Exposure factored of shoulder joint is ________m as?
16 Film size of mandible lateral oblique view is _______?
17. Central ray is central of _______and_______in case of elbow joint?
18. Plase the patient in kneeling position on the film in case of________?
19. Exposure factors of bone is______KV?
20. Central ray is directed vertically through_______process in case of shoulder (AP)?
2 MARKS
II. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING
1. Write the exposure factors of dorsal vertebrae lateral view?
2. Write the position of atlas and axis anteroom posterior (open mouth) view?
3. Write the position of sterna clavicular articulation?
4. Write the position of foot (AP-view)?
5. Write about the exposure factors of shoulder joint (Axial projection)?
6. Position of part for the animal view of colcannon?
7. Position of part for the AP view of forearm?
8. Exposure settings for humorous in AP view?
9. UI near deviation of write bending position?
10. Radial deviation for of write bending position?
11. Radiography?
12. Photography?
13. Pathology?
14. X-ray film?
15. Base line?
16. Preparation for positioning?
17. Gonad shield?
18. Scaphoid view?
19. Write joint PA?
20. Parposer of barium meal?
5 MARKS
III. WRITE THE FOLLOWING
1. Skull lateral?
2. Composition of developer?
3. Mandible?
4. Cervical vertebrae?
5. Naso pharynges grapy?
6. Limbar vertebrae AP and lateral view?
7. Bronchography?
8. Chest PA view?
9. Sternan lateral?
10. Draw the dorsal spine (AP view)?
11. Draw the sacrum and S.I.joint AP view?
12. Draw the cervical spine(LV)?
13. Write about right elbow-lateral view?
14. Write about left hand oblique view?
15. Explain about left wrist AP view?
16. Draw the left knee AP view?
15 MARKS
IV. ESSAY
1. Briefly explain about abdomen:
APV, prone oblique view, LV, pregnancy,(prone oblique view)?
2. Write about dorsal vertebrae (APV) and draw the dorsal spine (LV)?
3. Shoulder joint (AP) and AP (external rotation)?
4. Write about chest for ribs lateral oblique view –spine /prone?
5. Explain the intravenous cerography?
6. Protection of patient in diagnostic department?
7. Draw the diagram of skull and describe the bones of skull?
8. Describe chest radiography and positioning?
9. Describe sterno davicular arithculation?
10. Describe patella radiography anterior oblique view?
PAPER -5
DARK ROOM TECHNIQUE
1 MARKS
I. FILL IN THE BLANKS;
1. Thicknees of emulsion layer is________?
2. An intensifying screen converts energy of x-ray beam into________?
3.________is commonly used for hardener?
4. High definition screens are also known as ________screens?
5. Dark room should films well protected against_________?
6. Single coated film is common used in__________?
7._______is used to developer for prevent fog?
8. The outer most covering of film is________?
9. Sodium thio sulphate is used as _________agent?
10.________radiations is harmful to our body?
11. Draw room is called_________?
12. A dental x-ray equipment operating unto_________?
13. Radiations may induce break in the __________?
14. Draw room is connected to the x-ray room by________?
15. The _______M as?
16. Film size of mandible lateral oblique view is_______?
17. Central ray is centre of_______and__________in case of elbow joint?
18. Place the patient in kneeling portion on the film in case of_______?
19. Exposure factors of nasal bone is_________KV?
20. Central ray is directed vertically through________process in case of shoulder?
2 MARKS
II. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING (AP)
1. Write the exposure factors of dorsal vertebrae lateral view?
2. Write the position of atlas and axis antero posterior (open mouth) view?
3. Write the position of sterno clavicle articulation?
4. Write the position of foot (AP-view)?
5. Write about the exposure factors of shoulder joint (Axial projection)?
6. Netscape?
7. Dry side?
8. X-ray loby?
9. Pass box?
10. Pensity of film?
11. Safe light?
12. Rinser?
13. Manser?
14. Agitation in developing?
15. Difference between photography stadiography?
16. Exhaustion of fixcer?
17. Position of abdomen (erect view)?
18. Draw the KUB antero posterior view?
19. Write short on humerus (AP)?
20. Write about scupula (LV)?
5 MARKS
III. WRITE A PARAGRAPH
1. Draw the dorsal spine (AP view)?
2. Draw the sacrum and S.I.joint AP view ?
3. Draw the cervical spine (LV)?
4. Write about right elbow –lateral view?
5. Write about left hand oblique view?
6. Explain above left wrist AP view?
7. Draw the left knee AP view?
8. Draw the chest postero anterior view?
9. Automating processing?
10. Intensfying screen?
11. Packing storage of film?
12. Type of film?
13. Fog in film?
14. Illumination in dark room?
15. Functions of fixer?
16. Image unhappiness?
15 MARKS
IV. ESSAY
1. Brefly explains about abdomen;
APV, prone oblique view, LV, pregnancy,(prone oblique view)?
2. Write about dorsal vertebrae (APV) and draw the dorsal spine (LV)?
3. Shoulder joint (AP) and AP (external rotation)?
4. Write about chest for ribs (AP) and ribs lateral oblique view spine/prone?
5. The constituents of developer ?
6. Write the aid of diagram describe the goes section of the double cooded x-ray?
Film and the preparation of emulsion
7. Describe the constriction of dark noon ?
8. Explain the different steps in film processing?
